Size: Approximately 12-15 cm (4.7-5.9 inches) in length.
Color: The Gray Shaft Tail is predominantly gray with a distinctive black tail that gives the species its name. The flanks may have a subtle brownish or buff tone, and the underparts are usually lighter gray or white.
Beak: Small, conical, and typically red or orange.
Distribution: Native to northern Australia, including regions such as Queensland, Northern Territory, and parts of Western Australia.
Environment: Prefers open grasslands, savannas, and lightly wooded areas. They are often found near water sources, where grasses and seeds are abundant.
Diet
Primary Food: Seeds, particularly those from native grasses and crops, form the bulk of their diet.
Supplementary Food: Small insects and other invertebrates, especially during the breeding season.
Feeding Behavior: They forage primarily on the ground, searching for seeds and occasionally small insects.
Breeding
Breeding Season: Typically during the rainy season, when food is more plentiful.
Nest Location: Nests are built in low trees, shrubs, or even in man-made structures. They use grasses, feathers, and other plant materials to create a tightly woven nest.
Egg Quantity: Clutches usually consist of 4-6 eggs.
Incubation Period: About 12-14 days.
Fledging: Chicks fledge around 18-21 days after hatching.
Lifespan
In the Wild: Usually around 5-7 years.
In Captivity: Can live up to 10-12 years or more, depending on care and conditions.
Behavior
Social Structure: Gray Shaft Tails are social birds, often seen in small flocks or pairs. They are known for their peaceful and cooperative nature within the group.
Vocalization: Their calls are soft, high-pitched chirps and trills, which are often heard as they communicate with each other.
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