Size: Approximately 13-15 cm (5-6 inches) in length.
Color: The White Jawa is known for its striking all-white plumage. The body, wings, and tail feathers are entirely white, giving the bird a pristine and elegant appearance. The face typically features the same white color, though in some individuals, there may be a slight variation in shade. The beak is often a pale pinkish color, which contrasts subtly with the white feathers.
Beak: The beak is conical and usually pale pink or white, suited for seed eating.
Eyes: The eyes are dark, often appearing black, standing out against the white plumage.
Legs and Feet: Legs and feet are usually pale pink or flesh-colored.
Distribution: Native to the islands of Java, Bali, and Bawean in Indonesia, but widely introduced in other regions due to their popularity in aviculture. They have been seen in parts of Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and even Hawaii.
Environment: In the wild, they prefer open grasslands, rice fields, and agricultural areas. In captivity, they thrive in aviaries or large cages where they have ample space for flying and interacting with other birds.
Diet
Primary Food: The White Jawa primarily consumes seeds, with a preference for grasses and cereals. In captivity, a seed mix with millet as a staple is commonly provided.
Supplementary Food: Fresh fruits, vegetables, and occasional protein sources like insects or egg food are important for a balanced diet, especially during the breeding season.
Feeding Behavior: These birds are ground feeders and are often seen foraging for seeds on the ground. In captivity, they are provided with seed mixes in dishes or scattered on the floor of their enclosure.
Breeding
Breeding Season: In the wild, breeding often occurs during the wet season when food is more abundant. In captivity, they can breed year-round if conditions are favorable.
Nest Location: They build nests in tree hollows, crevices, or dense vegetation in the wild. In captivity, they will use nest boxes lined with soft materials like coconut fibers or grass.
Egg Quantity: Clutches generally consist of 4-6 eggs.
Incubation Period: The eggs are incubated for about 12-15 days, with both parents participating.
Fledging: Chicks typically fledge around 21-25 days after hatching and become fully independent a few weeks later.
Lifespan
In the Wild: Typically around 5-7 years.
In Captivity: With proper care, the White Jawa can live up to 8-12 years or more.
Behavior
Social Structure: White Jawas are social birds that thrive in groups. They are often kept in pairs or small colonies in captivity. While generally peaceful, they may show territorial behavior during the breeding season.
Vocalization: They produce a soft, melodious chirping. Their song is rhythmic and used for social interactions and courtship displays.
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